LVD compliance: **Scope determination + safety assessment + technical documentation + DoC + CE** (Source: EUR-Lex): **Basis:** 2014/35/EU Low Voltage Directive (Source: EU official website); **Scope:** 50-1000V AC/75-1500V DC (Source: CEN-CENELEC) — **Core:** Internal production control + self-declaration (Source: Sorena).
I. Scope Determination
Voltage: AC 50-1000V/DC 75-1500V (Source: CEN); Exemption: Explosive environments of elevator meters (Source: CEN); Further Exemption: Plugs and sockets for ships, aircraft, railways, and households (Source: CEN); Boundary: The Machinery Directive covers LVD but does not apply (Source: Sorena); Assembly Line: Electrical control components are assessed according to LVD (Source: European Commission) — Determination: Voltage + Exemption + Boundary (first determine whether it applies).
II. Safety Objectives
Annex I: Key elements of safety objectives (Source: European Commission); **Principles**: Good engineering practices (Source: European Commission); **Protection**: No harm to persons, livestock, or property (Source: European Commission); **Scenarios**: Proper installation, maintenance, and use (Source: European Commission); **Purpose**: Safe for the intended purpose (Source: European Commission) — Objectives: Annex I safety objectives (compare item by item).
III. Technical Documents
Certificate: Proof of equipment compliance (Source: EUR-Lex); Documents: Circuit design diagrams + component list (Source: WTO/FTA); Certification: Component certification documents (Source: WTO/FTA); Instruction Manual: Product instruction manual (Source: WTO/FTA); Retention: Manufacturer retains for future reference (Source: European Parliament) — Documents: Drawings + List + Instruction Manual (chain of evidence).
IV. Declaration of Conformity
Annex IV: Prepare the EU DoC according to the template (Source: Conphora); Per Model: One copy for each product model (Source: Conphora); Language: Translate the required language of the member state (Source: Conphora); Consolidation: Multiple directives such as EMC can be declared in a single declaration (Source: Conphora); Signature: Signed by the manufacturer (Source: EUR-Lex) — DoC: Template + Model + Signature (Declaration of Compliance).
V. CE Marking
Affixing: CE marking affixed before placing on the market (Source: Conphora); Form: Visible, clear, and durable (Source: CECheck); Marking: Model, batch number, and serial number (Source: CECheck); Manufacturer: Name, trademark, and address (Source: CECheck); Exception: Packaging documents affixed when the equipment is not permitted (Source: Conphora) — CE: Affixed before placing on the market + complete marking (market entry mark).
VI. Internal Production Control
Annex III: Internal Production Control Procedures (Source: Sorena); **Sole Responsibility**: Manufacturer’s Self-Warranty Declaration (Source: Sorena); **Non-Mandatory**: Mandatory assessment by the Notifying Authority is Not Required (Source: Sorena); **Voluntary Certificate**: Voluntary certificates do not replace self-assessment (Source: Sorena); **Importer**: Importer Compliance Verification Procedure (Source: EUR-Lex) — Control: Internal + Responsibility (Self-Closed Loop).
VII. Procurement Recommendations
1. **Define the Scope** (voltage + exemption); 2. **Prepare Documents** (drawing list); 3. **Sign the DoC** (Annex IV); 4. **Affix the CE** (before market launch);
5. **Retain Evidence** (for 10 years of inspection) — LVD: Documents + DoC + CE (three-line closed loop).
