1. Standards
What does the standard look like?
According to standard practice, the standard looks like this: IEC 62920 – IECEE (IEC 62920:2017 specifies electromagnetic compatibility EMC requirements for DC to AC power conversion equipment PCE for use in photovoltaic PV power systems, The PCE covered by this document can be grid-interactive or stand-alone, can be intended for use in conjunction with batteries or other forms of energy storage, IECEE); IEC
62920:2017+A1:2021 – IEC Webstore (Photovoltaic power generating systems EMC requirements and test methods for power conversion equipment, 8 Emission requirements 8.1 Low frequency 8.2 High frequency 8.2.1 Conducted emission 8.2.2 Radiated, IEC); IEC 61000-6-8 – IECEE (IEC 61000-6-8:2020 is a generic
EMC emission standard and is applicable only if no relevant dedicated product or product family EMC emission standard has been published, applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in commercial and light-industrial locations, IECEE); IEC 62909-3 – BSI (BS EN IEC 62909-3 Bi-directional grid connected power converters Part 3 EMC requirements and test methods, specifies electromagnetic immunity and emission requirements of bi-directional grid-connected power converters
GCPCs with system voltages not exceeding 1000V AC or 1500V DC, BSI); GB/T
41—National Standard Information Public Service Platform (Electromagnetic Compatibility [EMC] requirements and test methods for power conversion equipment in photovoltaic power generation systems; project number: 20250893-T-339; formulation plan issuance date: 2025-03-27; project status: pending approval); Monitoring Terminal—Yuanchuangli Documents (Technical specifications for distributed PV monitoring terminals; specifies technical requirements—including structure and operation—for dedicated PV monitoring terminals and communication interface adapters for distributed PV inverters)—Six key standards to review: IEC 62920, IEC 62920:2017+A1:2021, IEC 61000-6-8, IEC 62909-3, GB/T 41, and monitoring terminal standards.
II.
National Standards
What to look for in national standards.
Regarding National Standard (GB) practices, the standards are interpreted as follows: GB/T 17626 — CGC/GF020 (Technical Specification for Monitoring Systems of User-side Grid-connected PV Power Plants CGC/GF020:2012, Section 5.5 Electromagnetic Compatibility: monitoring equipment must comply with relevant national and industry EMC standards under the GB/T 17626 series; devices collecting data from various monitoring units in the PV plant; CGC); PCE — National Standard Information Public Service Platform (Electromagnetic Compatibility [EMC] Requirements and Test Methods for Power Conversion Equipment [PCE] in PV Systems: specifies EMC requirements for PCE—devices converting DC to AC—used in PV systems; covers test methods, conditions, emission limits, and immunity requirements for PCE type testing; National Standard Information Public Service Platform); GB/T 17626 Series — 21IC (Core applicable standards for power electronic industrial control equipment in the domestic market include the GB/T 17626 series, which adopts the IEC 61000-4 international standard series; the new GB/T 18268.1-2025 standard, effective in 2026, establishes differentiated test levels based on three categories of industrial electromagnetic environments; 21IC); GB/T 37409 — CNAS (PV Inverter Testing Capability List: Power Quality Adaptability Test; Technical Specification for Grid-connected PV Inverters GB/T 37409-2019, Section 8.7.3; CNAS); NB/T 32004 — Renren Library (Technical Specification for Grid-connected PV Inverters NB/T 32004—2013: specifies technical requirements and test methods for inverters used in grid-connected PV systems; GB/T)
GB/T 17626.14—2005 (Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage fluctuation immunity test); 20 kVA—National Standard Information Public Service Platform (Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of industrial, scientific, and medical [ISM] equipment; specifically added special testing requirements for typical GCPC-class grid-connected PV inverters, using 20 kVA as the power threshold; separately specified the 150 Ω DC artificial network for DC port conducted emission testing and the corresponding test limits)—Six Key National Standards to Review: GB/T 17626, PCE, GB/T 17626 series, GB/T 37409, NB/T 32004, and 20 kVA—ensuring full compliance with these six national standards.
III.
Testing
What to look for in testing.
Regarding testing practices, consider these six aspects: 3V/m (under the EN 61000-6-2:2019 standard for CE certification, photovoltaic equipment must operate normally in an RF electromagnetic field environment of 3V/m across the 80 MHz–1 GHz range; this simulates interference from wireless communication devices common in industrial environments); 10V/m (critical equipment, such as PV inverters, must pass a more rigorous radiated immunity test at 10V/m across the 1 GHz–6 GHz range to ensure reliability in high-frequency communication environments like 5G); 4-3 (IEC 61000-4-3: Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test—applies to immunity requirements for electrical and electronic equipment regarding radiated electromagnetic energy); 4-18 (IEC 61000-4-18:2019: Damped oscillatory wave immunity test—focuses on immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment under operational conditions); 4-30 (IEC 61000-4-30: Power quality measurement methods—defines methods for measuring and interpreting results for power quality parameters in AC power supply systems); and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Immunity (per technical specification DB4403/T 514-2024 for grid-connected distributed PV systems: Section 10.3 on Electromagnetic Compatibility requires systems to possess adequate EMI immunity to ensure signal transmission remains undisturbed and actuating components do not malfunction, while also ensuring the equipment’s own EMI emissions do not exceed relevant standards). In summary, comprehensive testing covers these six areas: 3V/m, 10V/m, 4-3, 4-18, 4-30, and EMI immunity.
IV. Certification
What does certification entail?
Based on certification practices, the requirements are as follows: EN 55011—European Commission (Harmonised standards under Directive 2014/30/EU applicable to this campaign; EN 55011:2009 + EN 55011:2009/A1:2010 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement); CE—Huayu Testing (PV equipment must operate normally in a 3 V/m RF electromagnetic field radiation environment; regarding conducted immunity, standards require equipment to withstand the 150 kHz–8 [MHz] range); 61000-6-1—China Standards Online Service (BS EN IEC 61000-6-1:2019 Generic standards – Immunity standard for residential, commercial, and light-industrial environments; current standard status); 61000-6-5—IEC Webstore (IEC 61000-6-5:2015 Generic standards – Immunity for equipment used in power station and substation environments; specifies EMC immunity requirements for electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in power stations and substations); 2014/30/EU—European Commission (Report on the 11th Joint Cross-Border EMC Market Surveillance Campaign 2019: Solar Panel Inverters); Type Testing—Nantong Platform (Technical specifications for grid-connected PV inverters define testing requirements regarding appearance and structure, environmental adaptability, safety performance, electrical performance, communication, EMC, efficiency, labeling, durability, packaging, transport, and storage; applicable to type testing, factory acceptance testing, and on-site testing of grid-connected PV inverters)—Six key aspects of certification: EN
55011, CE, 61000-6-1, 61000-6-5, 2014/30/EU, type testing—verify that certification is fully in place.
V.
Model Selection
What to look for during model selection?
Based on practical experience, the approach is as follows: RS-485 (Technical specifications for distributed PV monitoring terminals: power line carrier or RS-485 bus for uplink communication; RS-485 bus for downlink; supports connection of 1–8 PV inverters; temperature rating C2 or C3); 1–8 channels (supports connection of 1–8 PV inverters); Immunity (IECEE; IEC 62920 covers not only PCE); Emissions (IEC Webstore; IEC 62920: 8.1 Low frequency, 8.2.1 Conducted emission, 8.2.2 Radiated emission); Grid-tied inverters (National Standard Information Public Service Platform: specifically added special test requirements for typical GCPC-class PV grid-tied inverters; revised magnetic field limits at a 3m distance for Class A equipment in the 0.15 MHz–30 MHz frequency range)…
